Ubume beZiboniso zeOLED

I-OLED (i-Organic Light-Emitting Diode) ibhekisela kwi-organic light-emitting diode, emele imveliso yenoveli kwindawo yemiboniso yeselula. Ngokungafaniyo nobuchwepheshe be-LCD bendabuko, itekhnoloji yokubonisa i-OLED ayifuni ukukhanya ngasemva. Endaweni yoko, isebenzisa i-ultra-thin organic material coatings kunye ne-glass substrates (okanye i-flexible organic substrates). Xa kusetyenziswa umsinga wombane, ezi zinto ziphilayo zikhupha ukukhanya. Ngaphaya koko, izikrini ze-OLED zinokwenziwa zibe khaphukhaphu kwaye zibe mncinci, zinike ii-engile zokujonga ngokubanzi, kwaye zinciphise kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. I-OLED ikwanconywa njengetekhnoloji yokubonisa yesizukulwana sesithathu. Izibonisi ze-OLED azincinci kuphela, zikhaphukhaphu, kwaye zisebenza ngamandla kodwa zikwaqhayisa ngokuqaqamba okuphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-luminescence, kunye nokukwazi ukubonisa umnyama ococekileyo. Ukongeza, zinokujika, njengoko zibonwa kwiiTV zanamhlanje ezigobileyo kunye nee-smartphones. Namhlanje, abavelisi abakhulu bamazwe aphesheya babaleka ukunyusela utyalo-mali lwe-R&D kwitekhnoloji yokubonisa ye-OLED, ekhokelela ekuxhaphakeni kwesicelo sayo kwiiTV, iikhompyuter (iimonisi), ii-smartphones, iitafile kunye namanye amacandelo. NgoJulayi ka-2022, iApple yabhengeza izicwangciso zokwazisa izikrini ze-OLED kuluhlu lwayo lwe-iPad kwiminyaka ezayo. Iimodeli ezizayo ze-iPad ze-2024 ziya kuba neepaneli zokubonisa ze-OLED ezisandula ukuyilwa, inkqubo eyenza ezi phaneli zibe zincinci kwaye zibe khaphukhaphu.

Umgaqo-nkqubo wokubonisa i-OLED wahluke kakhulu kulowo we-LCDs. Ngokuyintloko iqhutywa yintsimi yombane, ii-OLED zifezekisa ukukhutshwa kokukhanya ngokusebenzisa inaliti kunye nokudityaniswa kwakhona kwabathwali bentlawulo kwi-organic semiconductor kunye nezixhobo zokukhanya. Ngamafutshane, isikrini se-OLED senziwe zizigidi "zezibane" ezincinci.

Isixhobo se-OLED ikakhulu siqukethe i-substrate, i-anode, i-injection ye-injection yomngxuma (HIL), i-hole transport layer (HTL), i-electron blocking layer (EBL), i-emissive layer (EML), i-hole blocking layer (HBL), i-electron transport layer (ETL), i-electron injection layer (EIL), kunye ne-cathode. Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwetekhnoloji yokubonisa i-OLED ifuna ubuchule obuphezulu bobugcisa, yahlulwe ngokubanzi yaba ziinkqubo zangaphambili nasemva. Inkqubo ye-front-end ngokuyinhloko ibandakanya i-photolithography kunye nobuchule be-evaporation, ngelixa inkqubo ye-back-end igxile kwi-encapsulation kunye nokusika iteknoloji. Nangona itekhnoloji ephucukileyo ye-OLED ilawulwa kakhulu yi-Samsung kunye ne-LG, uninzi lwabavelisi baseTshayina bayaluqinisa uphando lwabo kwizikrini ze-OLED, benyusa utyalo-mali kwiziboniso ze-OLED. Iimveliso ze-OLED zokubonisa sele zidibaniswe kwiminikelo yazo. Ngaphandle komsantsa obalulekileyo xa kuthelekiswa nezigebenga zamazwe ngamazwe, ezi mveliso zifikelele kwinqanaba elisebenzisekayo.