Ngasemva kwesikrini ngasinye sezixhobo esisebenzisana nazo mihla le-ezinje ngeeselfowuni, iikhompyuter, kunye neewotshi ezihlakaniphileyo-kulele itekhnoloji ebalulekileyo: TFT. Isenokuvakala ingaqhelekanga, kodwa “yinkosi yomphathi” eyenza imiboniso yanamhlanje ibonise imifanekiso ecacileyo negudileyo. Ke, yintoni kanye kanye i-TFT kwizikrini ze-TFT LCD? Loluphi uhlobo lomlingo owaziwayo enalo?
I. Inkcazo engundoqo ye-TFT: Ulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo lwezigidi "zezitshitshi zeMicroscopic" kwiSkrini.
I-TFT, imfutshane ye-Thin-Film Transistor, yaziwa ngokuba yi-transistor yefilimu encinci. Unokucinga ngayo njengokutshintsha kwe-elektroniki okuncinci kakhulu kwisikrini. Inqaku eliphambili kukuba into esihlala sibhekisa kuyo njenge-TFT ayikhe ibekho yodwa. Ngaphakathi kwayo yonke into ebizwa ngokuba yi-“TFT screen” (umzekelo, i-TFT-LCD), kukho uluhlu olukhulu lwee-TFTs—eziquka izigidi okanye amashumi ezigidi ezi zitshixo ezincinci, ezicwangciswe kakuhle kwi-substrate yeglasi. I-TFT nganye ngokuzimeleyo kwaye ngokuchanekileyo ilawula ipixel enyeIsifaniso esilula: Ukuba ipixel nganye kwikhusi ithelekiswa nefestile, ngoko ke i-TFT kwi-TFT LCD yesikrini sisitshixo esihlakaniphile esilawula iqondo apho loo festile ivula okanye ivale. Imisela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba kungakanani ukukhanya (ukusuka kwimodyuli yokukhanya ngasemva) kunokudlula kuyo, ekugqibeleni ichaza ukuqaqamba kunye nombala wale pixel. Umsebenzi olungelelanisiweyo wee-TFT ezingenakubalwa ngokudibeneyo wenza umfanekiso opheleleyo esiwubonayo phambi kwamehlo ethu.
II. Umthombo woMlingo: Ukusuka "kuPassive" ukuya "kuSebenzisa," uMsebenzi weNguqulo weTFT
Umlingo wokwenyani we-TFT ulele ekufezekiseni kwayo indlela yohlaziyo yolawulo: "idilesi esebenzayo yematrix." Eli lihlabathi elingaphandle kobuchwephesha betekhnoloji “ye-matrix” eyayikho ngaphambi kwe-TFT.
Ingxaki Ngaphandle kwe-TFT (Passive Matrix):
Kwaba ngathi kusetyenziswa igridi yemigca enqumlanayo ukulawula zonke iipixels, ebezingasebenzi kakuhle kwaye ziqhelene nomqondiso we-crosstalk kunye ne-motion blur.
Ubukrelekrele nge-TFT (Imatrix esebenzayo):
Ipixel nganye inokutshintsha kweTFT ezinikeleyo. Xa i-pixel ifuna ukuqhutywa, isiginali yolawulo inokukhangela ngokuchanekileyo kwaye iyalele ukuba i-pixel's TFT "ivule" okanye "icime," igcine imeko yayo kude kube kuhlaziyo olulandelayo. Oku kuzisa ezi zibonelelo zilandelayo:
Ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza: Iiswitshi ze-TFT zisebenza ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu, zinciphisa kakhulu ukufiphala kwentshukumo kwimifanekiso eguqukayo kwizikrini ze-TFT LCD.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi: Uphawu lokubamba urhulumente lunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokubanzi kwe-TFT LCD izikrini.
III. Ukuphelisa iNtsomi: TFT ≠ Uhlobo lweSkrini; Yeyona "Ingqondo eNgaphantsi" yesikrini
Ukungaqondi okuqhelekileyo kukuba "i-TFT luhlobo lwesikrini." Enyanisweni, i-TFT ngokwayo ayikhuphi ukukhanya okanye ivelise umbala. Yinkqubo yolawulo entsonkothileyo- "i-cockpit engaphantsi" okanye "ingqondo engundoqo" yesikrini.
Isikrini se-TFT-LCD, esisiqhelileyo, sisisombululo esipheleleyo sobuchwephesha. Kule meko, uluhlu lwe-TFT kwisikrini se-TFT LCD sinoxanduva lokuqhuba ngokuchanekileyo ukulungelelaniswa kweeathomu zekristale zolwelo ukulawula ukuhamba kokukhanya ukusuka kwi-backlight. Nakwizikrini ze-OLED eziphucukileyo, xa kusenziwa iimveliso ezinobungakanani obukhulu okanye ezinesisombululo esiphezulu, uluhlu lwe-TFT lusafuneka njengesekethe ye-backplane ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo ukukhutshwa kokukhanya kwepikseli nganye ye-OLED. Kunokuthiwa ngaphandle kwetekhnoloji ye-TFT, inkcazo ephezulu, egudileyo ye-TFT LCD esiyibonayo namhlanje ibingayi kubakho.
IV. I-Evolution ye-TFT Family: I-Material Innovation Drives I-Leaps yeNtsebenzo
Ukusebenza kwe-TFT ubukhulu becala kuxhomekeke kwimathiriyeli ye-semiconductor esetyenziswa kwimveliso yayo. Imbali yayo yendaleko luhambo lwezinto ezintsha:
I-Amorphous Silicon (a-Si): Itekhnoloji yokuqala ye-TFT ye-TFT, enenzuzo enkulu yeendleko kodwa ukusebenza okulinganiselweyo, okwenza kube nzima ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokubonisa eziphezulu.
I-Low-Temperature Polycrystalline Silicon (LTPS): Ukutsiba ekusebenzeni, kunye nokuhamba kwe-electron ephezulu, okwenza izikrini zibe namandla ngakumbi kwaye ziphendule. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-LCD ephezulu kunye nezikrini ze-OLED.
Isishwankathelo, umlingo we-TFT kwizikrini ze-TFT ze-LCD ilele kumandla ayo okuguqula imiqondiso yombane engasebenziyo ibe yimifanekiso yedijithali enocwangco enokulawulwa ngokuchaneka kwenqanaba lepixel. Yinjineli engadumanga, echanekileyo efihlwe phantsi kwephaneli yeglasi. Ngumsebenzi olungelelanisiweyo wezi zigidi ze-TFT-switshi ezincinci ezizisela ihlabathi elicacileyo, elicacileyo, neligudileyo ledijithali phambi kwamehlo ethu. Ukuqonda i-TFT kwizikrini ze-TFT ze-LCD kuthetha ukuqonda ilitye lembombo letekhnoloji yokubonisa yale mihla.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-22-2025